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Functional Movement Improv

by Gray Cook

Human movement is a complex thing. The many systems of the body that assist us in growing, developing and becoming movement-learning machines are a literal miracle by no stretch of the term. Understanding human behavior will never be an exact science whether we look at emotional, social, group dynamic, or human behavior as it relates to movement patterns.

The book I wrote on movement titled Movement is 408 pages, and that’s intimidating. My point with such in-depth work was not to intimidate readers or scare people out of the movement professions. It was to make them consider everything that goes into movement-learning function and dysfunction, and then de-complicate the process with a systematic checklist approach to common movement behaviors and tendencies.

In a previous article on function, I mentioned a new book introduced to me by Mike Boyle called The Checklist Manifesto. This book has a consistent and parallel theme to the other books Why We Make Mistakes and Blunder. It talks about how the more complex a human endeavor becomes and the more technical and skillful a job becomes, the more it’s necessary to rely on a systematic checklist approach for structure and consistency.

I spent the first part of the Movement book talking about the complexity of the human movement learning system and going over some motor learning principles as well as musculoskeletal limitations. But my point, by the time you get to the middle of the book, was to distill these rules and principles down to a movement-based checklist that allows the user to take immediate and consistent action following systems and principles that promote movement change.

In a way, you could say I got real complex in my own paranoid attempt not to leave anything out. In contrast, the functional movement systems should be simple, effective and inexpensive to use so a majority of users can benefit. It can be an effective part of physical education, personal fitness, strength conditioning and rehabilitation in the future.

Since I wrote Movement, it has been my mission to make sure my lectures show a different side of functional movement systems. Where the book seems very in-depth and technical, I want my lectures to demonstrate the logic and consistency of following a system when we develop exercise programs or try to change or improve the way people move.

As I’ve said before, the purpose of the movement screen is not to legislate or enforce movement perfection. It is to make us all agree that there must be a tipping point, a point of minimal functional competency. Anything below this level will probably require a different technology than simple conditioning if movement is to improve.

Therefore, I went on a journey and shared my idea with Lee Burton, my business partner, and Chris Poirier of Perform Better, the key sponsor for the majority of our Functional Movement Screen workshops. We devised the idea of a pre-conference symposium at the three Perform Better summits in 2011—Rhode Island, Chicago and Long Beach.

In a nutshell, this was our idea: We wanted to do a quick overview of the system for people who were both certified in the movement screen or just learning about it, and then pull people from the audience and have them screened right there. From this, we took their data and put these on a score sheet. We then projected each score sheet onto the screen for everyone to see, and then we discussed programing for the individual while considering their movement screen alongside the other information they provided. For those who were unable to attend the events, we turned the cameras on… and did not turn them off. We knew we would have some great spontaneous examples, and we captured the whole thing.

The reason I call this Functional Movement Improv is because we felt like an improvisational comedian who takes a topic and immediately spins it into a funny skit. We attempted to create a training program for an individual from a screen and a few questions. This was ambitious to say the least, because we were not creating programs for just any client or athlete. We were challenging the current programs of fitness, performance and rehabilitation professionals. To put it a different way, we were programming the pros. Our secret weapon: The movement screen.

Each time someone from our audience came to the stage, the new program was constructed following a movement-based checklist. The rules of movement are simple and easy to follow, but cannot be overlooked. Each time we did this, the people onstage learned they should be doing something they currently were not doing. They also learned they should not be doing something they currently were doing.

Our point in the drill was if we can improve the programming of exercise professionals with a 10-minute movement profile, imagine what you can do for your clients, athletes and patients with the extra information.

Assisting me at each Summit were some of our functional movement screening instructors, along with our functional movement staff. On the last two events including the Summit in Long Beach, I had my long-term co-pilot, Brett Jones, helping me.

Certainly without exception, every person who was screened who then came onstage to have the screen exposed to the world learned something they did not already know about movement, and discovered something to add or subtract from their exercise programs.

The attendees for this Summit were some of the best of the best trainers, strength coaches and rehabilitation professionals I’ve met. They had done their homework and knew their stuff. They were also a surprisingly fit group of people who not only taught and learned training, but lived it as well.

My source of pride here is that our little system introduced these people to holes, inconsistencies and insights into their own programming. The point of the drill was not to demonstrate that I’m a good exercise programmer, because I didn’t do anything that wasn’t already exposed as simple movement logic in the Movement book. I followed my own 10 principles and basically questioned them about movement patterns they were or were not doing in their exercise programming.

When the movement screen showed us a dysfunction, we questioned any conditioning exercise pushing against that dysfunction. When the movement screen showed the need for a correction, we introduced corrective strategy. If the movement screen did not find dysfunction in a pattern, we didn’t find a problem with conditioning that pattern.

In a very improvisational open format, we turned exercise program design into a systematic process—not simply based on a person’s goals, available equipment or my background or preference of exercise. We turned it into a process that started with the individual’s own unique signature or thumbprint of movement.

People learn faster when we figure out the way they like to learn. Some are introverts. Some are extroverts. Some want to learn in auditory format. Some are kinesthetic learners. Some need to read, practice and then read again.

If we know the way someone learns, we can design learning systems that address their needs in a more efficient manner. Taking a movement profile does the same thing for physical movement.

Watch the following excerpts from this four-hour presentation where we built a case for movement screening, demonstrated how efficient the model can be, and then closed the day by revisiting the principles that allowed us, all from different exercise and rehabilitation backgrounds, to find common ground in a movement profile.

I hope you enjoy! ~Gray Cook

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Click here to review the details of the 4-disc DVD set, or place an order.


Gray Cook: Applying the FMS Model to Real Life Examples DVD Set

4-disc DVD set, a joint project from Movement Education Group and Functional Movement Systems

This live workshop, filmed in HD video using four cameras, took place during Perform Better’s Long Beach pre-conference workshop, August 2011, and features Gray Cook assisted by Brett Jones. Their most recent DVDs, Kalos Sthenos, Dynami and Club Swinging Essentials, covered how to do specific exercises right. This one flips that idea and instead covers how to pick the right exercises. It’s a comprehensive 4-disc Applying the FMS Model DVD set that will fill in the blanks and answer your questions about using the Functional Movement Screen when working with your clients, athletes and patients. Although different people have a variety of programming needs, we all require a baseline movement map to enhance safety and maximize results, and this workshop lays down that foundation.

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A properly executed movement screen provides a unique perspective, and in this workshop Gray shows us how to use the basic technology as a tool to develop programming unique to each individual. But it’s much more than a movement screen discussion, because what Gray is best at is seeing how people move, how we learn to move, and how we re-learn movement. He’s gifted at explaining what most of us don’t even see, and you’ll find yourself pausing the video over and over to stop and ponder concepts that he makes sound obvious, but that you’ve never considered.

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Only about a third of the room had been through the Functional Movement Screen workshop. You don’t need to be FMS certified or even use the screens to benefit from this material. Certainly people who use the screens will get more practical use from the workshop, but Gray’s off-the-cuff pearls and insights? Over and over I found myself stopping to think through these simple-sounding ideas.

I was at the live event, listened to the audio file, edited the text file and worked through the video seven or eight times, and each time I discovered something new, something I missed the other times or that had a deeper meaning as I got more familiar with the ideas. For many trainers, strength coaches and medical professionals, this material could be the key to how you work with clients patients and athletes in the years to come.

The workshop covers the age spectrum of fitness clients, post-rehab clients and athletes of all levels. With tremendous insight and enthusiasm, Gray discusses the logic of movement that all of us share. And because this movement logic is common to all of us, you’ll be able to apply this new material in your work the very next day.

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4-disc DVD set—nearly 4 hours, plus bonus material
Filmed live at a Perform Better Summit Workshop

Disk One
Introduction
Standard Operating Procedures
Movement Matters
Squat Discussion
Stabilization and Repatterning
Our Movement History

Disk Two
Functional Movement Screen Review
Scoring the Screens
Filters and Key Points
Live Screens
Scoring Criteria
Programming the Results

Disk Three
Screen Results Analysis
Order of Screen Priority
Hip Hinge and Deadlift Strategies
Movement Motor Learning
Movement Principles
Self-Limiting Exercise

Disk Four
Extra corrective strategies footage
Full lecture in MP3 audio format for listening in your car or on your portable device
A 61-page typeset transcript of the lecture
Movement Principles excerpt from the Movement book
FMS scoring criteria and verbal instructions
Presentation slides PDF
Video clips from Gray’s Powerpoint presentation
Self-limiting activities chart

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you can order via this link.


Gray Cook Radio, New Episodes

While I can’t say we’re consistent… well, let’s just say it’s been fun. Here are the most recent episodes of Gray Cook Radio.

Click on the episode link to listen here
Right or command click to save to your computer

Episode Nineteen:
Today Gray tells us about his summer MovNat experience and his conversations with Erwan LeCorre. Here’s where to find Erwan and his MovNat workshops.

Episode Eighteen:
Today Gray talks about his work on the Golf Digest golf combine

Episode Seventeen:
Now here’s a fun one: Gray’s take on isolation exercises—What’s a bodybuilder to do?

Episode Sixteen:
Today Gray talks about his Perform Better Pre-Conference Workshop. The full transcript is also available here.

Episode Fifteen:
In this episode we discuss the workout, specifically where do correctives go and when do we re-introduce sports training after a problem is found in the screen.

Episode Fourteen:
Let’s talk about brain science and a few popular books that teach it. The books Gray discusses are Brain Rules, The Talent Code, Talent is Overrated and Spark

Episode Thirteen:
Whatever happened to kettlebell snatches? And other tidbits kettlebell

Episode Twelve:
What exactly is dry needling? What does Gray use it for?
The dry needling school Gray mentioned is KinetaCore.

Episode Eleven:
Last week’s coverage of breathing and heart rate variability wasn’t enough. Let’s get a little more.
The monitor Gray talks about is the Polar FT80, and Polar’s overview of HRV is here. He also mentioned an iPhone ap called Ithlete, which you can find here.

Episode Ten:
In this episode, Gray begins to develop the topic of breathing


Gray Cook’s Movement in Paperback

Published as a hardcover book in 2010, Gray Cook’s Movement: Functional Movement Systems, Screening, Assessment & Corrective Strategies is now available in softcover, $49.95. The books shipped from the printer Monday and will be in stock Friday.

Gray Cook's new book
Movement: Functional Movement Systems
Screening, Assessments & Corrective Strategies

by Gray Cook
with Lee Burton, Kyle Kiesel, Greg Rose & Milo F. Bryant

I can say with confidence: Anyone who trains, coaches or treats individuals or teams will find value in this text.

Chapter 1—Introduction to Screening and Assessment
This introductory chapter builds the foundation you’ll need to fully understand the purpose of screening movement. You’ll learn the concept of movement patterns and how to recognize these patterns in action, as well as the history and primary goals of movement screening.

Chapter 2—Anatomical Science versus Functional Science

The next 16 pages expand on the differences between authentic movement and scientific anatomical function. The functional systems of muscles, joints and ligaments are covered, as are the fascial matrix, breathing and the neuromuscular network. Understanding movement deficiency and dysfunction and how these develop will illuminate your work, and clarify your explanations to your athletes, clients and patients.

Chapter 3—Understanding Movement
In Chapter 3, you’ll gain an appreciation of the natural laws of basic movement before specific, with an overview of how to use screening, testing and assessment to classify movement proficiency or deficiency. You’ll also get a summary of the differences between the two systems, the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and the Selective Functional Movement Assessment (SFMA).

Chapter 4—Movement Screening
Where in your intake process should you screen? Can you screen an injured client or athlete? This section will help you place movement screening in your existing business model, or it will show you where your program structure might be improved.

Chapter 5—Functional Movement Systems and Movement Patterns
This summary explains the differences between the two systems, the FMS for fitness professionals and strength coaches, and the SFMA for medical professionals. You’ll get a brief look at the systems, and finish with an appreciation of primitive and higher-level movement patterns.

Chapter 6—Functional Movement Screen Descriptions
The chapter used to cover the FMS will teach you the seven basic screens in detail, including where to stand, what to watch for during the movements and how to plan your modifications. You’ll get a description of each screen, the purpose of each, tips for testing, implications and photographs showing how to score each test.

Chapter 7—SFMA Introduction and Top-Tier Tests
The top-tier assessments of the SFMA are covered in these 26 pages, which contain a discussion of the overlying considerations of functional versus dysfunctional and painful versus non-painful, the overriding criteria of the SFMA system. The seven elements of the top-tier will direct you to the breakout tests found in Chapter 8.

Chapter 8—SFMA Assessment Breakout Descriptions and Flowcharts
Taking 58 pages and 66 photographs to cover the SFMA breakouts will serve to remind medical professionals of the individual assessments, and at the same time make fitness trainers and strength coaches aware of the tests used by professionals to whom they refer clients and athletes. The rationale for each of the breakout regions will pull the process together for you as it simplifies the overall approach.

Chapter 9—Analyzing the Movements in Screens and Assessments
Chapter 9 teaches how to analyze the various test results. Using the tests of the Functional Movement Screen as the base, you’ll learn what mistakes most beginners make in screening, how to distinguish between stability and mobility problems and how to determine asymmetries. Here you’ll get your first introduction to reverse patterning (RP) and reactive neuromuscular training (RNT), two of the primary corrective tools of the Functional Movement Systems arsenal.

Chapter 10—Understanding Corrective Strategies
This begins the wrap-up: What do you do with the resulting screen and assessment information? The 20 pages of Chapter 10 comprise the performance pyramid and how to use it to form your corrective strategies. Understanding the differences between correct and corrective exercises, between challenging versus difficult, and having a selection of self-limiting exercises in your exercise menu will give you confidence as you assign and program exercises.

Chapter 11—Developing Corrective Strategies
Now that you’ve discovered dysfunctional patterns in your clients, athletes and patients, the next section will guide you in the corrective decisions that make up the three primary categories of mobility, stability and movement pattern retraining. You’ll get comparisons of conditioning and corrective exercise, movement prep and movement correction, skill training and corrective prioritization, and understand when each is appropriate.

Chapter 12—Building the Corrective Framework
This chapter provides a checklist for your corrective decisions: pain, purpose, posture, position, pattern and plan. Even though every person’s movement is unique, without this framework, your corrective path will not be as clear as it could be. You’ll also become familiar with the basic structure involving special considerations and populations that may make up part of your client or patient base.

Chapter 13—Movement Pattern Corrections
Chapter 13 builds on your knowledge of basic mobility and stability corrections and movement pattern retraining. Using passive, active and assistive techniques, you’ll be able to help your clients, athletes and patients recover lost mobility. Understanding stability and motor control, transitional postures and using facilitation techniques such as reactive neuromuscular training will give you the tools to challenge that new mobility. You’ll also become proficient at rolling after practicing the material in this rich chapter.

Chapter 14—Advanced Corrective Strategies
Finally, in the 24 remarkable pages of Chapter 14, you’ll learn how to make corrective exercise an experience. This is how corrective exercise actually works in the human body, and the thorough discussion found in this chapter will teach you how to create this for your clientele. Using PNF, RNT, reverse patterning, conscious loading, resisted and self-limiting exercises, you’ll grasp the concept of the manageable mistake zone, and you’ll be able to use these ideas and techniques to stand out in your crowded professional field.

Chapter 15—In Conclusion
This wrap-up section pulls the material together for one last review of where the industry is now, and where it’s heading. When you finish this section, you’ll have a complete understanding of the 10 principles of the Functional Movement System. These principles will guide you in learning and training authentic movement.

Appendices

  • Michael Boyle: Joint-by-Joint Concept
  • Gray Cook: Expanding on the Joint-by-Joint Approach
  • Greg Rose: SFMA Score Sheets and Flowcharts
  • Laurie McLaughlin: Introduction to Breathing
  • Gray Cook: Introduction to Heart Rate Variability
  • Gray Cook: Functional Movement Systems Team List
  • Gray Cook: Early Perspective and the Jump Study
  • Phil Plisky: Core Testing and Functional Goniometry
  • Lee Burton: FMS Scoring Criteria and Score Sheet
  • Authors: FMS Verbal Instructions
  • Gray Cook: Conventional Deep Squat Evaluation Process
  • Patient Self Evaluation Forms
  • List of Illustrations
  • References
  • Index

About Movement, head of the Russian Kettlebell Certification and author of Enter the Kettlebell! Pavel Tsatsouline wrote, “Once a decade comes out a book that you will keep reading, rereading, and crowding with notes until it falls apart. Then you buy a new copy and enthusiastically start over. In the 1990s it was Verkhoshansky and Siff’s ‘Supertraining.’ In the 2000s McGill’s ‘Ultimate Back.’ Enter the 2010s and Cook’s ‘Movement.’ It is a game changer.”


Dan John: Hip Hinge, Hinge Assessment Tool

In the turmoil of Dan’s Intervention seminar, as we filmed for DVD, I took in… pretty much nothing. Later, I listened as the attendees gush (it’s true, they did), but it wasn’t until my fourth or fifth pass through the material that the built-in critic who poses as an editor began to subside and the breadth of the material began to seep in. Dan made such an organized, methodical march through a mountain of material—a solid thirty years of learning and coaching—that much later that I realized what a volume of thinking had been so simply laid out. It’s, I guess you could call it… stunning.

Here’s a clip in which Dan shows his newest concept for teaching hip hinging, the Hinge Assessment Tool, HAT.

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Included as Intervention
3-discs of workshop lecture
Various handouts, including a new e-booklet on Intervention
Full lecture transcript pdf
Full lecture mp3 audio file

Disc One: 75 minutes
Introduction to Intervention
The Health Lights System
The Fitness Spiral
Absolute Strength
The Impact of a Strength Coach
Qualities
Quadrants

Disc Two: 67 minutes
Age: Hypertrophy & Joint Mobility
Basic Human Movements
Patterning
HATE, Hinge Assessment Tool
Squat Patterning
Loaded Carries
Slow Strength, Grinds
Standards
The Four Steps
Asymmetrical Training

Disc Three: 70 minutes
The Triad Combinations
Testing
Rep Rules
Corrective Exercises
Scheduling Correctives, Strength and Skills
Programming the Elements
Example of Programming for an Elite Athlete
Other Programming Examples
Practicing Intervention
The Warmups
The Intervention Tool Kit

In the Realistic Reps clip below, Dan introduces his thinking behind rep ranges.

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Over the course of the editing, I must have watched this seven or eight times, and each time, something else stuck out, some little nugget I’d missed the other times through. That’s one reason I’m especially pleased (giggle to myself from time to time) that we added a a surprise to the package: The entire lecture is transcribed — there’s a PDF of the workshop included on the DVD. And oh, yes… wait for it… we also included an MP3 audio file so you can listen to it again during your flight to Perform Better. Or maybe it’ll have to serve as a week’s worth of commute learning. We’re also going to release the MP3 audio file and transcript as a stand-alone product later this summer.

All Dan’s handouts are on the DVD, plus he’s written new material in a PDF only available on this DVD, to expand on his thoughts since recording the workshop. This is one fabulous package, and we’re so confident you’ll agree, we’ll guarantee it. If you missed the video clips from last week or you’d like to place an order, grab a ride on this link, here.


Functional Anatomy: Myofascial Slings DVD Review

Anthony Carey
Filmed at IDEA, 2008, 1 hour and 43 minutes

Anthony Carey, of Function First, is a terrific resource for our corrective exercise learning; I’m a big fan. This is a live seminar dvd in which you’ll learn how the muscles and fascia are connected, how they work together and how the slings influence movement and pain. There are seven chapter sections as follows.

Chapter 1: Function Anatomy: Myofascial Slings
In this section, Anthony provides an overview of how anatomy works functionally as opposed to what we learn in Gray’s Anatomy. He’ll show you how each part of the muscle/fascial system fits together , including how fascia changes with age.

Chapter 2: Characteristics of a Muscle Sling
Here you’ll learn the difference of how we address fascial slings through exercise as opposed to how massage therapists work with the fascial layers with their hands. Anthony spends this section covering the purpose of the fascia and fascial slings, and how they work in movement. Here you’ll see how each element affects the next, including a clear image of how a triggerpoint jams up length in a sling.

Chapter 3: Tensegrity = Tension Integrity
Anthony gives us a short overview of Buckminster Fuller’s concept of tensegrity, and demonstrates how one side of a structure influences the other.

Chapter 4: Examples of Major Myofascial Slings
This section is where we learn how to put Tom Myers’ Anatomy Trains material into action. Where are the slings? How do they work together?

Chapter 5: Examples of Myofascial Lines
And here Anthony explains the Myers concept of mysfascial lines, preparing for the next section of exercise examples to follow.

Chapter 6: Exercise Examples of Slings and Lines
Now we get into action. This is the longest section of the DVD in which Anthony uses at least three points of contact to demonstrate the slings. He’s tweaked some yoga moves to help each person feel or stretch the sling connections. He’s also careful to explain the common errors most people make in joint rotation when trying to feel the work the fascial slings. Many of these are common stretches, some with minor adjustments from stretches you’re familiar with, and others are quite unusual. In the strengthening section, he uses rubber tubing and a medicine ball.

Chapter 7: Summary
This short section is a simple overview of the workshop material.

If you’re not familiar with how to stretch or strengthen along the myofascial slings, this DVD will be extremely useful in your education. Here’s a link to the product on the IDEA site: Anthony Carey Functional Anatomy, Myofascial Slings. Even the yoga experts in the participating audience struggled with a few of his twists—these are not your normal moves.

I spent some time with Anthony at IDEA, which I wrote about here. You can learn more about the myofascial sling action from Chuck Wolf and Tom Myers.


Evan Osar: The Cervical Spine

by Evan Osar, DC
Fitness Education Seminars

Do you know what is the most sensitive area of the spine is?

Generally, people often think about the low back—the inordinate number of injuries and costs related to its treatment. Interestingly enough, the lumbar spine and pelvis are relatively stable albeit stressed by our poor habits and conditioning.

So what is the most sensitive area of the spine?  The cervical spine.

Why do I say this?

Just consider—

  • The thoracic spine is protected by the rib cage and some of the largest muscles in the body;
  • The lumbar spine and sacrum are protected and supported by the largest muscles in the body (including but not limited to the gluteus maximus, lumbar erectors, and abdominals) and the most dense fascial network in the body (the thoracolumbar fascia);
  • The cervical spine by comparison has some of the smallest muscles supporting it and doesn’t have the luxury of ribs or pelvis for protection;
  • It also holds a 10-14 pound object on top of it (the head) which supports the most sensitive structures in our body— the brain and brainstem as well as the 12 pairs of cranial nerves;
  • The cervical spine protects 8 pairs of spinal nerves and 2 of the major arteries of the brain (anteriorly the carotid artery and posteriorly the vertebral artery);
  • And a spinal cord injury occurring at the level of the cervical spine will affect function in the entire body possibly leading to quadruplegia, respiratory system compromise, and if significant enough, death.

So hopefully you can appreciate how important and sensitive this area of the body is. Unfortunately many of the things we do in life drive dysfunction of the cervical spine. What are the top 3 things we do that most dramatically affect its function?

1. Forward head posture:

For every one inch the head moves in front of the cervical spine, an additional weight of the head is added to the loads the cervical spine muscles now have to support. For example if your head is one inch in front of your cervical spine, your neck muscles now have to support 20-28 pounds instead of 10-14 pounds. If the head is two inches in front, now you have to support 30-42 pounds. Just think of the ramifications for your clients who more than two inches of forward head posture!

2. What is the most common cause of stress to the cervical spine?

It’s not poor exercise choices. It’s not because your client works too much on the computer. It’s not even because you don’t stretch enough. The most common cause of the forward head posture is poor respiratory habits. Overuse of the accessory muscles, primarily the pectoralis minor, sternocleidomastoid, and scalenes pull the cervical spine and head forward. And because respiration is a 24/7 activity, no amount of stretching or swithcing exercises or jobs will alter this pattern.

3. Poor shoulder stabilization:

Using the neck improperly as an anchor for arm movement overly stresses the cervical spine and neural structures. This dysfunctional pattern is often seen with poor scapular stabilization and improper dissociation of the glenohumeral joint.

How do we stabilize the cervical spine?

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CONCLUSION

To improve function of the entire neuromusculoskeletal system,

1. We must teach our clients how to stabilize their neck, shoulder, and upper back.

2. We must improve their ability to breathe from their diaphragm rather than over-utilizing their neck.

This approach will relieve the massive stress on the the brainstem, cervical portion of the spinal cord, and cervical spinal nerves ultimately affecting function of the upper extremity and entire nervous system.

Evan Osar is a practicing chiropractor, author and lecturer. You can review more of his material and his workshop schedule on his website, Fitness Education Seminars. His newsletter archive is here, and his video collection is here.


Jumpstretch Band Drills and Stretches

Boris Bachmann, of Squat RX

Dick Hartzell, the inventor of Jumpstretch bands, had a series of instructional videos covering all kinds of creative uses for stretching, mobility, and strengthening exercises. In the videos, Dick Hartzell encouraged the viewer to “shop around” with the stretches and positions. While “shopping around”, there were a few particular drills that I found personally very helpful for back pain and they are shown below. Some of them may be useful for you to – understand that the traction provided by bands in this manner could aggravate certain conditions, so If there are concerns, please consult with a medical professional before attempting.

Begin by wrapping the band around the back and onto one knee—give yourself more slack for the first knee. Getting the second loop around the other knee will be harder if you are taller or bigger. Use a lighter resistance band if this is the case.

On all fours, you can do glute and IT band stretches and “tactical frog” drills.  The bands provide a firm traction for the lumbar and hips region. Butterfly stretches are also a delight wearing bands.

The bottom position of the squat can be grooved with bands worn this way. The pressure of the bands around the knees will pull the hips into external rotation and encourage proper lumbar curvature. Flexibility and limb length will limit who will be able to get into proper position. Build into them.

I don’t illustrate it here, but hip thrusts or “glute bridges” (ala the “glute guy,” Bret Contreras) may also be done with bands fitted in this manner to good effect—the bands will serve to strongly engage the glutes and dis-inhibit the hip flexors.

One additional thing I found was that wearing the bands in this manner placed my hips and legs in a more comfortable and natural position for seiza. The bands provide traction for the lumbar, open the hips, and help create improved posture in this seated position and encourage greater awareness of the tanden (the diaphragm “power center”).


Seiza with bands

More from Jumpstretch
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Sports Rehab Teleseminars

Joe Heiler over at Sports Rehab Expert.com just published his first quarter teleseminar schedule—what a terrific line-up! The speakers run the range from physical therapist, chiropractic doc and strength coaches, and all are at the forefront of their fields. Check this list:

Sue Falsone PT, Athletes’ Performance and LA Dodgers
Ron Hruska PT, Postural Restoration Institute
Dr. Mike Leahy DC, developer of the Active Release Technique
Thomas Myers LMT,  author of Anatomy Trains
Brian Grasso, founder of the International Youth Conditioning Association
Greg Roskopf, developer of MAT, Muscle Activation Technique
Brian Mulligan PT, developer of the Mulligan Concept, Mobilizations with Movement
Dr. Warren Hammer DC,  Graston Technique, Fascial Manipulation
Dan John, strength coach, author of Never Let Go
Gray Cook PT, developer of the FMS,  author of Movement

The lecture series kicks off Tuesday at 8pm and runs Tuesdays through March. You don’t need to watch live if your schedule’s packed; you can watch later or re-watch for a week, and the seminars are free after a simple email signup. Register here.


Keith Scott’s Unbreakable Body Corrective Exercise Program

My part of this blog has trended toward corrective exercise strategies over the past couple of years as I began to learn chronic pain wasn’t just a part of aging and  I didn’t have to live with in decline. Many of my IronOnline forum pals have also moved off the strength path temporarily in order to reclaim lost movement, and others probably would if they knew where to start without having to go back to school to learn anatomy and kinesiology.

Often people ask for the simple solution—you know… hey, just tell me what book to get and I’ll read it. But until now, it hasn’t been that easy. In fact, that’s the reason we started collecting names for our corrective exercise specialist database, which you’ll find at this link; by the time we hit our 40s, 50s and 60s, we’re so jammed up it takes an expert to sort it all out.

The thing is, even if we can part with the bucks to pay someone to help many of us are not in driving range of such a person. The field has grown hugely the past couple of years, but the personal trainers who know more than an introduction to assessments and corrective strategies are still few and far between.

So what are you going to do? Today we actually have a viable do-it-yourself option, Keith Scott’s Unbreakable Body Program.

First, a non-disclaimer disclaimer: I get nothing for the referral, and if you click on any link you won’t find an affiliate number attached. In fact, that’s one of the reasons I decided to buy and review the program. There’s a fair number of people “selling” Keith’s new program, and if you get a few weight training newsletters and follow a few blogs, you’ve probably seen a write-up today. I thought we might have a non-referral look for ourselves, although I don’t mean to suggest the other writers have financial motives. Quite the opposite; the ideas in the program are certainly good enough to stand alone.

Plus, if it happens to offer what my buds need to get out of pain and to move better, I really wanted to know about it. I’ve come to trust Keith’s material after reading his blog, and figured there was a real good chance this and a few weeks work might be our golden ticket to a pain-free life.

Guess what? It was a good gamble! Keith holds a Master’s Degree in Exercise and Sports Science with a concentration in sports medicine, and coupled with his eighteen years in the field working with individual athletes and general population in pain, he’s put together a complete program to get us on the recovery path at home.

Read the material over the weekend, spend an hour sorting through your self-assessment tests, make notes on a tablet, couple your test results with his corrective strategy suggestions and prepare for your 16-week personalized program. 16 weeks is nothing—just knuckle down and follow instructions Put away your doubts and confusions created by too many options and take this time to get your body back in good working order.

Here’s what’s in the package. For your $77, you’ll get a downloadable winzip file with ten pdf e-reports, 374 pages, as follows:

  • Intro, 40 pages
  • Self-Assessment, 65 pages
  • Corrective Exercises, 82 pages
  • Corrective Exercise Descriptions, 76 pages
  • 16-Week Strength and Fitness Program, 14 pages
  • Exercise Description for the Program, 36 pages
  • Soft Tissue Work for Optimal Physical Health, 27 pages
  • Recovery and Regeneration, 9 pages
  • Nutritional Guidelines, 15 pages
  • Fat Burning with High Intensity Interval Training, 10 pages

A quick scan over that list will tell the knowledgeable reader there’s nothing outstanding here. Where it really shines is the completeness of the material. Everything in the downloads is available elsewhere; I didn’t learn anything I hadn’t seen before. The thing is, it’s all in one place. It took me about a year of blog, newsletter, book and website reading, podcasts listened to, plus a heck of a lot of trial and error, a few seminars and conferences and some hands-on help to learn all this, yet today it’s available right here in one package, for $77. Believe me, I don’t even want to think how much more I’ve paid for the same learning (nor would I tell Dave, if I even could remember).

In the intro, Keith explains how compensations work, and how an aching elbow may turn out to be a problem stemming from the hip. The very thorough assessment section (using both descriptions and photos) will help you determine your specific issues; one of the main problems with getting started on a corrective exercise program is not that people are unwilling, it’s that they don’t know where to start. This section will help you discover your biggest issues so you can tackle them first; you’ll make notes and the next section is going to tell you what to do to fix them.

By the time you’ve worked your way through the reports, you’ll understand where your key spots are, and whether they’re problems of flexibility or stability, or if you have strength imbalances one side to another. These are the factors you’ve heard about, but perhaps don’t understand, and possibly this is where you’ve jumped ship and gone back to your old standby workout programs, complete with chronic daily pain. Let Keith explain this big picture for you once and for all, whydontcha?

The corrective exercise and general workout programs are in separate booklets from their exercise-description counterparts. During the initial read, that might seem a little annoying, but once you understand how to do the exercises (described in clear bullet points with photos), you’ll be real glad you have the programs written up cleanly for easy review or printing.

The workouts take about 30 minutes, plus an extra ten for individual specifics, and you can split the correctives from the main workout if that suits your schedule better.

If you’re intrigued enough to get the material package in your shopping cart but didn’t read the miles of sales copy, you may get stumped by the $19.95 free membership comment. Since that’s what happened to me (I didn’t read more than a quarter of the sales text, probably less), I had to go back and see if I was signing up for a long-term deal. Answer: No. Unless, of course, you have such a great experience with the premium membership site that you want to continue, in which case it’ll be $19.95 next month. However, you do have to cancel—failing that, your credit card will be charged automatically.

Cut to the chase, already! My overall impression after a single day’s review and without having done the 16-week program: Both thumbs up.

In fact, to be honest, I bought the program merely to find out if this would be a place to send forum members and blog readers who ask where to learn this stuff or how to get started with corrective exercise. I’m happy I did, because not only can I recommend it, but I’m also going to start on the 16-week program on Monday.

The negatives:

That horrid sales page. Yes, I know people respond to that style; I personally would have clicked away automatically had I not gone there specifically to purchase the material for this review.

The automatic billing for future membership months. I suspect that option will be gone after the first automatic billing month. He’ll get so many complaints and have to refund so many of the automatic charges (or risk losing all credibility should he choose to stand on the fine print on the previous page), it just won’t be worth it to him. My guess… gone soon. We’ll see.

Meanwhile, you’ll have that first month prepaid access to the premium section, and with that comes Keith’s private email for questions in his Ask Keith forum. Given today is the first sales day, there are only a few questions answered, but I suspect this will be fleshed out as things settle down. If you buy the program and get stuck anywhere along the line, log in, go to the Ask Keith forum and click on the Contact the Author link to email Keith direct.

The positives all boil down to one thing: This could give you back your life. $77, a few hours of reading and 16 weeks of effort is *nothing* when compared with that aching shoulder and elbow, the pain in your low back, those hips that barely move, those rickety knees, unbendable ankles and pain in your feet. Good grief! Get with the program already: Your Unbreakable Body.

Oh, and you will have to order a foam roller if we haven’t convinced you of that by now.


A Year of Feldenkrais Training

April wrapped up a full year of regular Feldenkrais training, both in group classes as well as in private, hand-on sessions. Not only has the training propelled me miles ahead of where I could have gotten on my own with self-taught corrective exercises, stretching and myofascial release, but it’s also been a real eye-opener for casual movement, moving posture and even in learning.

The biggest wow moment was learning to think of the skeleton separately from muscle. When doing joint mobility, I now think of the bones moving and let the muscles move naturally, without purposeful attention. Good joint motion happens when it’s smooth and effortless.

Good movement through the joints requires the right rhythm. Muscles have to fire in optimal order to move well and freely, without pain. Yet how do you do that? How can we possibly teach our muscles how to fire in the right order? Some—many—ways to move are never learned, or are forgotten. Remember this: In movement, we’re self-taught!

In reading of corrective exercise, we learn about joint coordination, how the right hip effects the left shoulder, for example. In Feldenkrais training, especially during the Awareness Through Movement verbal classes, we feel it. That’s why I consider Feldenkrais the ultimate in joint mobility.

In this ancient 21-minute video clip, Moshe Feldenkrais demonstrates how he teaches the brain of this whiplash patient—reminding her brain—how to move the skeleton. Notice especially how easily her joints move at the end of the session as compared with the beginning.

Feldenkrais Functional Integration, the hands-on sessions, are normally done lying down, supine, on the sides or occasionally prone. Few practitioners work with a seated client; I believe that’s because the body is more relaxed when it’s not working against gravity. More relaxed means the brain will be more trainable.

Would you like to give this a try at home? There are numerous good session sets available via mp3 downloads for pay, but before you head off in that direction, here’s a link to do-it-yourself ATMs, where you can try these out for free.

A favorite instructor of mine, Larry Goldfarb, has this free mp3 lesson, Rolling Fists, on his Mind in Motion site. Along with Suzie Lundgren, the woman who’s been walking me through this remarkable year’s process, Larry is co-presenting a new 12-week session beginning May 4th for anyone in the local Santa Cruz area. Suzie also does hands-on work, which for me has been priceless.

A few of the paid sessions available for download are found below.

Learning to move with the ATM lessons is powerful, but those with chronic pain will find faster relief in the hands-on Functional Integration lessons, in which the practitioner will be able to quickly zero in on the patient’s individual needs. There’s a directory of local therapists here at the Feldenkrais.com website.

Nothing has influenced me physically as much as Feldenkrais work, not even 30 years of weight training. I really can’t recommend it highly enough.

One final thought: I had a conversation with Mike Nelson via twitter the other day. He’s a Z-Health Master Trainer who’s also familiar with Feldenkrais. I asked him if he could explain the difference between the two, and his answer was they’re similar, but Eric Cobb’s Z-Health is faster to both learn and apply. This makes sense to me, because while I’ve often had jaw-dropping breakthroughs during a session, it’s taken the entire year to get fully comfortable with the work.

One of the Z-Health dvd and manual sets, perhaps the R-Phase for $85, could perhaps get most readers where they need to be with regards to athletic, pain free movement.

Chronic pain sufferers, get a Feldenkrais practitioner to put hands on you. It’ll give you back your life.


Discovering and Correcting Asymmetries

Ten years ago I realized my pains and lifetime injuries were all on my right side: right foot metatarsal pain, right heel pain, right hip, right shoulder, right elbow, right jaw. Did that mean anything, I asked my doctor, who shrugged back a who-knows response. What a disappointment to come home telling Dave my brilliant insight had come up empty.

Today, with that list of right-side problems relieved through successful mobility, flexibility and corrective exercise work, I look back and wonder how a trained medical doctor wouldn’t have known something was amiss.

Ten years is not that long, really, but consider how far we’ve come in the fitness and athletic industry. Today you could ask your doctor the same question and probably get the same shrugging response, yet if you asked a personal trainer—at least one who pursues continuing education—you’d probably get a knowing nod, and certainly you would if you asked an athletic trainer. The medical profession is focused and remarkable at curing disease, but not that good at building health and fitness.

What happened in the case above, mine, was a cascade of compensations stemming from a dysfunctional hip. In order to move around as needed, the body does whatever it takes to get the job done, creating tightness, pain and eventually injuries along the way.

According to Gray Cook and Lee Burton in The Importance of Primitive Movement Patterns,

“However, many individuals lose the ability to naturally stabilize as they age due to asymmetries, injuries, poor training or daily activities. The individuals who do this develop compensatory movements, which then create inefficiencies and asymmetries in fundamental movements.

“Compensation is a survival mechanism and your clients and athletes will opt for compensation when you neglect to identify problems with mobility and stability. In many cases it is the lack of sufficient mobility and stability that leads to dysfunction in basic movements, which then causes decreased performance or potential injury.”

Bodybuilders were the leaders of both nutrition and weight training during Dave’s era a few decades ago, a time when athletic coaches scorned weight training as muscle-binding and as athletes had set aside the beef in favor of scarfing plates of pasta.

Yet these days athletics have taken the forefront in optimizing movement quality through corrective measures, and we in the muscle-building field need to learn to be more open to the strides taken by others. Think of how great we could all feel in middle age if doctors were trained in nutrition, strength training and human movement. Those elements are so basic when compared with their intense education as to seem unimportant, and perhaps that contributes to why there isn’t more attention given to fitness in medical schools.

Regardless, fitness professionals and writers have eagerly bought into using corrective exercise to bring up asymmetrical movements, and even if you can’t find a local trainer to help, you can still make good progress on your own without learning physical anatomy.

Here’s a list of my favorite corrective exercise blogs, and here’s a good place for a beginner to tap a toe into joint mobility, an excellent first step that will help you discover your best and worst functions.

Next: Let Gray Cook walk you through elementary movement screening and teach you how to correct any weaknesses you discover. I could have saved myself ten years of low-level, chronic pain had I only trusted my intuition and tracked down these answers way back when.


Beginner’s Guide to Joint Mobility

Do you think I could talk you into starting the year off with a near-daily joint mobility program if I made it really simple? Just one or two easy movements per major joint will take you about five minutes; do it in the mornings and your joints will be oiled up and ready to take on the day. What a great way to start off the New Year, a resolution that’s really easy to keep and comes with a major big payoff.

As we age, our joints lose their ranges of motion, limiting our ability to move well in addition to causing other problems or pain in nearby muscles and the joints above or below. Working the joints—not the muscles, the joints—reminds the brain how to access the full range of motion while at the same time circulating the synovial fluid, removing waste products and breaking down calcium deposits. The result: confident, smooth movement in the joints, a reduction of pain and an increase in injury prevention. It’s golden, and worth the five precious minutes.

The main thing to remember is we’re working the joints. Pay attention to joint motion, keeping other areas of the body as still as possible so the joint alone can move forward and back, side to side or rotational. Whenever possible, close your eyes and get an image of the actual joint in action. Slow the action down and make the movement smaller rather than as pushing far as you can go; you’re looking for smooth, easy action, not big jerky movements.

Here we go, real simple, no frills, just do it. Five reps per move, per side — as you get comfortable with the routine, you may feel like doing a little more in areas where you feel less confident. Some people do dozens of reps with great results, but this is a beginner’s set-up where time and interest will run out fast; you’ll see a difference with only  a few reps if you perform them regularly.
Toes:
Standing tall, move one foot behind, heel raised with the pads of the toes flat on the floor. Move your heel toward the floor, and back up, keeping the toes pressed into the floor. Do this five times; now, with the heel high, put more weight on the pad of the big toe, then move the weight outward toe by toe until the weight is more heavily on the little toe. Reverse and take the weight back to the big toe. Change feet and repeat.

Ankles:
Still standing, most of your weight on one foot, roll the un-weighted foot to the inside and outside, paying attention to side-to-side movement in the ankle joint, repeating on both feet. Then, standing near a wall or countertop, put your weight evenly on both feet, feet flat on the floor, and bend toward the nearby surface, making sure the movement takes place in the ankles. You’ll be moving your ankles forward and back; your knees are slightly bent, holding that position (not increasing the bend), and there’s no movement in the hips. Your entire body moves forward and back, with the action taking place in the ankles.

Hips:
Warm up the hips from a standing position, weight equally on both feet, moving forward and back in a small hip thrust, back and forth with the movement taking place almost entirely at the hips where the top of the quads attach. Then, rest your weight on one foot, pull the other foot off the ground to the front, then cross over the front of the stance leg so your foot is turned, inside facing behind you. Begin to circle your foot, again with the circling taking place at the hip joint; your ankle is not circling or bending, nor is your knee. Circle five times and reverse directions for five more circles. Move your foot to the front of your body and repeat; move it to the outside to repeat in both directions; move it to the rear and circle it, again in both directions. You may feel pretty sloppy at this one at first—stick with it, it comes fast and is a real doozy for good hip mobility.

Thoracic spine:
Still standing, weight evenly balanced, extend your arms to the front, palms down. With your hips stable and unmoving, extend and contract your arms by moving at the mid-back. Your chest will be caving in and moving out in opposition to your thoracic spine activity. Now move your hands to your sides to perform a slight side bend. This isn’t the side bend you remember from gym class; instead you’ll be moving at the upper back, your lumbar spine and hips are immobile, with the only movement taking place between the neck and bottom of the rib cage above the low back.

Shoulder joints:
Keep standing for a few more minutes while we finish this up. Skipping over the scapulae, we’re going to target the ball-and-socket part of the shoulder joint, starting with forward to overhead raises. Next up, small circles beginning with the hands to the sides and low, moving forward and at shoulder height, then in an extended Y position, palms facing out. Do five circles in each position, reverse direction and repeat. Remember to picture the joint in action, and make the circles as small as necessary to keep the action smooth.

Wrists:
As long as you’re standing there and your arms are handy, hold them outstretched at shoulder height, palms facing down. Move your fingers toward the floor, then back up toward the ceiling with the action entirely at the wrist. Then circle the hands in both directions, again with no action at the elbows or shoulders.

Neck:
Finally, still standing, move your head back and forth with your body stable and the movement happening in the neck. Circle your head from side to side (the universal “no”), with no activity from the shoulders down. Now move your head up and down, as if indicating “yes.” As you practice this over a few days, the range of motion will increase and the crackling sounds will decrease as the small bits of calcium deposits are broken loose and dispersed.

That’s it. Print this out. Run through it a few times this week and after you get the hang of it, it should take you about five minutes, maybe seven if it starts feeling good and you get carried away. And it’ll only take a couple times for you to realize all this typing was simply to describe ways to move your joints forward and back, side to side and in circles… nothing to it, no special exercise names, just rediscovering the ranges of motion of your mobile joints.

Once you have a taste of how powerful this stuff is, you can expand on the areas that have previously given you the most trouble. There are a variety of incredibly powerful joint exercises that will literally reverse the chronic pain of a middle-age life. I’m serious, you truly can feel like a kid again, and it doesn’t take a whole lot of time, either. Persistence, maybe, but other than that, it’s not hard at all.


Habits contribute to a dysfunctional body

Remember watching Clint Eastwood in Dirty Harry, how he clenched his jaw muscles rhythmically, looking oh so cool and you either wanted to be him or wanted your boyfriend to have a squared-off, hardworking exactly jaw like his? Think of that intense-jaw look now, from your adult perspective. Do you see the same thing, or do you see a person too tense, habitually beating the heck out of an aching jaw?

Whether Clint did that as part of his Callahan role or if it was or is a regular part of his life, I haven’t a guess. But I’ll betcha a similar habit and plenty more like it are buried in your structure, and that of your family and friends. In fact, I’ll wager a few of those idiosyncrasies are clever little bits you picked up from your dad and mom, even from your grandparents if they were around the house when you were a young’n.

We now know some of those handsome and not-so-handsome habits can wreck havoc on an aging body, and some of you reading this are well aware of a dull ache that’s getting worse, pounding to get your attention.

Here are a few examples to get you pondering:

  • Shoulder hunched up on one side
  • Head tilted (hello, Horatio) or rotated
  • Chin lifted – chin up! Meaning excessive cervical lordosis
  • Pelvic tilted too far in one direction, forward or back
  • Duck foot on one side, or both
  • Resting your weight on one leg, never both
  • Crossing knees when seated, unable to sit with your feet flat
  • Tensing the jaw, grinding the teeth
  • Sucking in the gut, never relaxing the abdominals
  • Resting on your heels or the outsides of your feet
  • Walking on your toes
  • Arms crossed over your chest, shoulders internally rotated
  • Tight hold on the computer mouse when reading a webpage
  • Left foot always leads or right foot always leads, staying a fraction of a second longer on the lead foot each step

Each one of those, and probably a hundred others like them, can add tension to your body, and often cause a cascade of affects up, down or crossing the body, sometimes enough to set the whole configuration askew.

Strictly from a functional body standpoint, realize how you habitually hold the parts of your body can contribute to – if not be the main factor of – your mobility problems. These are the type of things we need to address in order to fix an aching back or a messed up shoulder or elbow. Sounds bizarre, but it’s true.

This isn’t a discussion about body language; it doesn’t matter where the habit came from – not the psychology behind it, whether it was a headtrip or a habit you copied from you dad when you were a child or your favorite actor from your teen years, or perhaps a compensation for a long-forgotten injury. Instead, I’m only pointing out there are things you’re probably doing that are detrimental, or will be as time carries on.

We get what we train, that’s what it boils down to… not just in our workouts but even more in our working and resting postures that take up a lot more of the week than the training. Then we go to the gym and train in those faulty positions to strengthen up the tilted, rotated, hunched-up structures.

A lot of our mobility problems require work, strengthen up this side, stretch out that – tease our joints into moving better over the weeks or months of a concentrated rebuilding plan. It’s so valuable and effective, and well worth the time we dedicate to corrective exercise.

But listen here: Some of the problems contributing to a troubled overall is a case of Just Stop Doing That.


Self Joint Mobilization and Self Myofascial Release dvds

Having a trainer move you through a joint mobilization program or a masseuse go to work on your soft tissue is fabulous. But it’s not enough. This stuff is of the “daily importance” variety, and none of us are rich enough or have enough time to trot across town to get that kind of hands-on help. We need a program to follow at home, something that requires cheap or free tools and that can be done quickly, pre- or post-workout as needed.

In the forum and around the internet we’re picking up more and more pieces of the puzzle, and for a lot of people practice makes perfect… the picture’s getting clear. Others, though, need guidance: What’s a foam roller?; what’s it do and how do I use it? and what’s joint mobility? isn’t that the stretching I did in high school? are common questions we hear, and maybe these are questions you’re wondering right now.

Nick Tumminello, a trainer and educator at PerformanceU, set out to document two main pre-workout programs he uses with his clients (and what he suggests they do at home on off-training days) to make this material available to those of us without hands-on guidance. His two Secrets dvds, Secrets of Self Myofascial Release and Secrets of Self Joint Mobilization, answer the questions you have, and add a few twists to the mix for the somewhat educated.

This is done in a live setting; an athlete goes through the pre-workout rolling as Nick instructs so we can see how the movement is done correctly while we listen to his coaching.

Covered, from the bottom up: plantar fascia, gastroc/soleus, illiotibial (IT) band, piriformis, low back, adductor, quadriceps, tensor fascia latte, groin, lats, posterior shoulder, and chest and shoulder.

Because I already knew most of the rolling techniques of the Myofascial Release dvd, the Joint Mobilization held my attention better. Still, I got a few valuable tips, ideas I hadn’t seen before as he introduces foam rolling and other self-massage implements, tips and warnings and when to use which tool. This is the best foam rolling demo I’ve seen, including other dvds and a couple live sessions at conferences.

You need to a flashplayer enabled browser to view this YouTube video
Secrets of Self Myofascial Release, 25 minutes, $29

I’m very [read: extremely very] into joint mobility, and have been reading, watching and practicing variations of joint mobility exercises about a year, long enough that I’m pleased to see unusual stuff a bit off the beaten trail. You should see my hen-scratching as I scribbled bits and pieces—and stickmen—while Nick explained his joint mobilization moves. If you’re not already doing joint mobility, this dvd offers all the basics, plus a few real golden keepers.

Covered, after a short pre-mobilization trick: ankle mobility (3 techniques), T-spine mobility (4 variations), shoulder mobilization (3 exercises), hip mobilization, (2 options), closing with two shoulder and hip coordinated movements that I’ll be adding to my daily mobility program. These… these were outstanding! Here’s a look at one of them.

You need to a flashplayer enabled browser to view this YouTube video
Secrets of Self Joint Mobilization, 30 minutes, $49
(discount, $69 for both dvds)

Lest you think I’m completely in the tank for Nick, I do have one criticism and that’s price. To be fair, it’s a trend that’s growing industry-wide in which a 30-minute dvd selling for $49 fits right in, but I just don’t agree with it. Still, the material is original, and that’s a lot more than I can say for a number of other pricey dvds.

These are quality educational pieces, especially for readers amped and ready to start but having no instructions. If you regularly do the exercises and foam rolling shown on these dvds, you’ll be all set and ready to train well… for a long time into the future. Good job, Nick.


Anthony Carey: What the Hips Lack Hurts the Back

When I saw Anthony Carey was presenting at the IDEA convention, I knew in advance it would be a real highlight for me. His book, The Pain-Free Program, is an outstanding contribution to corrective exercise self-help, and really had an impact on my early steps in getting to pain-free movement. I was eager to hear him in person and to watch him interact with the crowd.

Snipped off the top of his session handout, we find,

“Limitations and dysfunctions of the hip joint result in a transfer of responsibility to the lumbar spine. The lumbar spine is not designed to work the way the hips do, so the outcome is often lower back pain. Recognizing the contribution of the hips is key to long-term function and back pain prevention.”

I think most of us are starting to get the hint, but let’s get a little deeper into the material. Here are the bullet points from my notes, in no particular order.

  • Functional anatomy is more complicated than cadaver anatomy, ie Gray’s. The way the body actually works is different than it appears. For example, the hamstring curls the leg up, but functionally its purpose is much more useful.
  • The maximum rotation in the lumbar spine is 8-10%.
  • Hip flexion equals lumbar flexion; lifting the leg (hip flexion) causes posterior tilt. Hip extension equals lumbar extension.
  • Hip ABduction equals ipsilateral lumbar flexion. Hip ADduction equals contralateral lumbar flexion. Hip AB-ADduction is excessive frontal plane movement—frontal plane hip tilt.
  • A normal pelvis rests in 5-10% anterior rotation (toward the front). Sagittal plane deviations are excessive anterior rotation (more than 10%), posterior rotation (to the back) and asymmetrical rotation, meaning one side rotates forward, one side rotates back. Asymmetrical rotation doesn’t dissipate force on impact.
  • Frontal plane deviations include hip adduction (elevated) and leg length discrepancy.
  • Hip internal rotation equals lumbar rotation toward the involved hip. Hip external rotation equals the opposite (away from the involved hip). This is rotation on the transverse/horizontal plane.
  • Corrective exercises for sagittal, frontal or transverse plane deviations should work the planes that need attention, establishing normal range of motion in all three planes. Additionally, train stability of the hip musculature at all ranges of motion and stabilize the lumbar spine when the hip is moving. Include in the program foam rolling, static stretches and dynamic stretches.
  • 85% of disc bulges are posterior lateral, meaning they bulge to the back of the spine, not the front, and to the outside.
  • When you have a sciatic nerve problem, don’t stretch the hamstring. That makes it worse.
  • The sciatic nerve passes under, over or thru the piriformis muscle under the glute maximus.
  • Tight hip flexors decrease hip extension and pulls on the lumbar spine during walking, contributing to pain for even the sedentary person who walks 2,000-3,000 steps per day on average.
  • If a person has an elevated hip, look for a low shoulder. You’ll also find a short waist on the high-hip side.
  • When a hip is in internal rotation, the knee is internally rotated and the foot is pronated; in external hip rotation the knee would point out, with the foot supinated.
  • Hips need mobility and stability equally. Don’t just think mobility.
  • Average hip rotational range of motion on a clinical testing table is 90 degrees of external rotation and 70 degrees of internal rotation. This is completely different than useful range of motion, which depends not only on mobility, but also on stability.
  • When working on joint mobility, look for quality of movement and don’t over-fatigue. Stop before you’re exhausted with the movement.
  • Bonus: If the arms are pulled forward in the overhead squat, look for tight lats.
  • Bonus # 2: In cases of fibromyalgia, work on posture. That will help with the pain.

Again let me recommend Anthony’s The Pain-Free Program to anyone with recurring back pain or who has determined he or she has problems in the hips. It’s exceptional in helping the reader discover where to start and how to progress. The exercises are well explained, with photos to pull the whole thing together. Exceptional book, grab a copy… read it… then DO THE EXERCISES. That’s the only way it works, eh?


Myofascial Slings, Flexibility Highways, Anatomy Trains

You ever notice when you add an overhead arm reach to a kneeling stretch, the stretch deepens? Why is that do you think? Adding a left arm extension to a right glute stretch puts the left lat into play, sending stretching fire into the glute. What might have happened here?

Those of us newer to the corrective exercise side of training are beginning to understand a left hip problem might show up as right shoulder pain. How can that be?

Behold our beginner’s introduction to the muscle and fascia pathways known by some as myofascial slings, by others as myofascial meridians or flexibility highways.

Fascia is the connective tissue that holds us together. The slings are stretches of fascia connecting muscles in a length of which a tug on one end reflects up the length of the line to the other end. If there’s any obstacle in the length, be it a tight muscle, a triggerpoint, tight fascia or a faulty neural connection, the entire sling will lose its ability to function optimally. If the originating problem is serious, the muscles along the sling are pulled out of whack, and this is how a faulty muscle on one side might display itself as pain on the other.

A couple of the lines run as we might expect: the superficial back line running from underfoot, up the legs and spine, behind the neck and over the skull; the superficial front line at the top of the foot to the front of the legs, up the rectus abdominis, along the sternum and to the sides of the neck.

Still pretty logical is the lateral line, which runs up the sides of the body from the outside of the ankle, up the sides of the lower legs to the iliotibial (IT) bands, through the tensor fasciae latae (TFL) and glutes to the sides of the obliques, the intercostals and the strong muscles of the neck.

After that, things get a little screwy. The spiral line, parts of which are also called the oblique slings, runs along the outside of the leg, then crosses over the body at the hip, where it moves over to the opposite shoulder. Along this line, it also moves from the back of the body to the front. Problems arise throughout the myofasical sling network, but crossing from side to side and posterior to anterior is where the most baffling problems crop up.

Let’s say we have a length of fascia wrapping the TFL at the outside of the right glute of our favorite bench presser. Its lower connection passes through the IT band to connect to the outside of the calf, where in this particular guy there’s a nasty triggerpoint that’s been in place for, oh, maybe a year. (That’s not at all uncommon, lest you think otherwise.) Things are getting worse, and the outside of the calf hurts. The IT band is going to be tight, but unless our guy rolls the outside of his leg over a foam roller, he might not even know it. Moving up the chain, this tightness is pulling on the TFL, which in turn is pulling on the remainder of the sling above, only in this case, it’s a cross-body line, so our guy’s got himself an aching left shoulder. Who’s going to connect the right calf with the left shoulder? Not this powerlifter; he’s going to whine to whomever will listen (and some who won’t), quit his bench pressing, start icing the shoulder and chewing on Aleve.

The experienced corrective exercise specialist isn’t going to discount the possibility of a shoulder injury in a bench presser, of course, but in the process of sorting out the potential causes, cross-body stretching and strengthening running from head to toe is going to be one of the clear options of treatment.

It’s complicated, but in a funny way, it’s kind of simple. We’re sure to be talking about this in the forum and reading about it more and more on the ‘net in the next few years until eventually we all know it as well as we know our hamstrings from our quads.

The most accessible work in this field today is Thomas Myers’ book, Anatomy Trains, however the concept of myofascial slings dates back to the 1920s. Unfortunately, medical science at the time didn’t pick up on it, setting us back in our understanding of how the muscles work in concert. Had this research progressed forward since its original discovery, many of us – and certainly all athletes – would have passed over decades of bodypart training in favor of training how the body actually moves.

A lot of dull pain could have been alleviated along the way, no kidding about that. We’re late to the party, but getting up to speed is relatively easy. Let’s talk some slings, shall we?


Finding a corrective exercise specialist

After a particularly involved corrective exercise discussion in the forum, or via email after a blog post on recovering joint mobility, queries pop up about how to find local help with fixable dysfunctions. The desperation is understandable: Can’t someone just tell me what to do so I don’t have to study a bunch of anatomy?

At this point in the fitness and wellness industry, it’s almost an impossible question. If you get yourself in the right hands, anyone from a personal trainer, a physical therapist, a chiropractor, a physiatrist, Feldenkrais practitioner or Rolfer can sort out the movement problems of a live person in about an hour. In allopathic medicine, it would be the physiatrist, but they mostly work with patients in pain; I’m not sure what the response would be if you showed up with no symptoms, wanting to know how to fix your problems.

The thing is, finding the right person is real iffy, pretty doubtful, in fact. In the next few years, more and more people will be practicing using these assessment techniques, but we’re just not there yet. And, of course, each body is incredibly complex, so a person without a good deal of experience will have the basics, but the more subtle structural issues may go unnoticed. It really takes a good eye, a lot of opportunity to look at people, and a lot of patience to carry them through the trial and error process as they learn their craft.

For that reason, my first recommendation for a reader looking for local assistance would be Rolfing, because their regime is a systematic, ten-session, bottom-up process that covers the entire body, including the deeper parts we don’t usually think about. By the time the ten weeks are over, the fascia that contributes to holding things like feet tilted or arches dropped, hips twisted or tilted, abdominals tight, neck stretched, etc etc etc, has all been loosened, and the recipient has been retrained out of his or her faulty postural habits. For now, Rolfing is my initial recommendation for a full-body makeover when a local specialist isn’t a sure thing; if you can find a KMI-trained practitioner, so much the better — this is structural integrity similar to Rolfing, but with two extra sessions, all twelve based on the body’s myofascial slings.

But Rolfing takes a ten-week commitment, and the work is paid out of pocket. Shifting a 40- or 50-year-old back to feeling like 20 is priceless, and hopefully some readers and forum members will decide to go that route in the months and years to come. A slightly less reliable option is myofascial release therapy such as that taught by John F. Barnes in Sedona, Arizona. The reason I called it slightly less reliable is without the Rolfing treatment structure, the client is relying on the therapist’s good judgment. In many cases, this will be faster and possibly better than Rolfing because the person may have one very specific need the Rolfing program doesn’t get to until a later treatment, but that the MF release therapist can target on the first session. The downside is some people have a better eye than others, and if your therapist happens to be an other, you may end up chasing your tail a little.

A cheaper and shorter-term option is a near-local practitioner. How about this? Find a corrective exercise expert within driving distance; head down the road and make a long weekend of it. For a reasonable fee to cover a couple hours’ time, you could walk away with your current dysfunction evaluation and list of the exact exercises and stretches that will convert your ailing body from aching to fully functional. A couple months of dedicated effort and you’ll feel reborn.

Here are the options on my current list. I’ll update it from time to time as I discover more corrective exercise specialists. Feel free to drop me your name and link if you work with individuals with assessments and corrective exercise programs, or if you have suggestion for this list. I’m at ldraper@davedraper.com.

Find a local Rolfer

Find a local KMI-certified practitioner

Find a local Feldenkrais practitioner

Find a local myofascial release therapist

Gray Cook and Lee Burton have a program to train personal trainers and physical therapists in screening; find a certified Functional Movement Screen specialist.

Dr. Eric Cobb has trained practitioners in Z-health, right up our alley.

Pete Egoscue has a few clinics where they also do this work.

Paul Chek has trained practitioners in corrective exercise.

Another option: MAPS Certified Orthopedic Manual Therapists, a program developed by Australian physiotherapist Geoffrey Maitland, who appears to be expanding upon Rolfing practices similar to Tom Myers’ KMI stuff, combined with joint mobilization.

If you’re shopping for a personal trainer in the phone book, the National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) has an advanced specialization for corrective exercise. It appears they offer no online directory, however the initials the trainers will use is NASM-CES.
By state:

Alaska:
Juneau, AK, Corey Pavitt, D.C. at Pavitt Health and Fitness

Arizona:
Scottsdale, AZ, Josh Henkin at Innovative Fitness
Chandler, AZ, Patrick Ward
Chandler, AZ, Keats Snideman
Mesa, AZ, Michael Lovegren

California:
Palo Alto, CA, Mark Reifkind
Santa Cruz, CA, Suzie Lundgren
San Diego, CA, Anthony Carey at Function First
San Diego, CA, Justin Price at The BioMechanics
San Diego, CA, Todd Durkin’s team at Fitness Quest 10
San Diego, CA, Jason Karp
San Diego, CA, Milo Bryant
Montrose, CA, Lenny Parracino
Pasadena, CA, Zac Marshall
Danville, CA, Clay Hyght, D.C.
Santa Monica, CA, Core Performance Center specialist
Santa Rosa, CA, Lana Pacheco
Venice, CA, Howard Skora
Visalia, CA, Justin Levine
Los Angeles, CA, Jacques Taylor

Colorado:
Greenwood Village, CO, Greg Roskopf does similar work with his Muscle Activation Techniques

Connecticut:
Hartford, CT, John Izzo
Middleton, CT, Andy Moses

Florida:
Orlando, FL, Chuck Wolf at Human Motion Associates
Tampa, FL, Brad Kaczmarski
South Beach, FL, Tom Furman
Boca Raton, FL, JC Santana’s Institute of Human Performance
Jacksonville, FL, Giles Wiley

Georgia:
Columbus, GA, Bill Long
Kennesaw, GA, Bill Sonnemaker

Illinois:
Evanston, IL, Evan Osar
Naperville, IL, Nicki Anderson
Chicago, IL, Robert Lardner
Chicago, IL, Adam Wolf

Indiana:
Indianapolis, IN, Bill Hartman or Mike Robertson
Evansville, IN, Kyle Kiesel
Evansville, IN, Phil Plisky
Indianapolis, Robb Rogers’ group at St. Vincent’s Performance Center
West Lafayette, IN, Cody Sipe

Louisiana:
Mandeville, LA, Charlie Hoolihan at the Pelican Athletic Club

Maryland:
Towson, MD, Dan Cenidoza
Baltimore, MD, Nick Tumminello

Massachusetts:
Winchester, MA, one of Mike Boyle’s trainers at MBSC
Hudson, MA, Eric Cressey and his guys at Cressey Performance
Woburn, MA, Aaron Brooks of Perfect Postures
Boston, MA, Peter McCall
Natick, MA, Eric Beard

Michigan:
Adrian, MI, Gary Gray’s team at the Gray Institute
Gary Gray is at the forefront of this industry and has provided much of the training used by others in the corrective exercise and performance fields.
Pontiac, MI, Bob Budai and team at Functional Strength Training

Minnesota:
Woodbury, MN, Brad Nelson
Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN, Joe Licht
White Bear Lake, MN, Mike Nelson

Missouri:
St. Louis, MO, Tracy Fober at IronMaven

Nebraska:
Omaha, NE, Mark Snow
New Jersey:
Freehold, NJ, Charlie Weingroff at CentraState Sports Performance
Hewitt, NJ, Perry Nickelston
Montclair, NJ, Gordon Waddell
Fair Lawn, NJ, Martin Rooney at Parisi School
Montville, NJ, Eric D’Agati at One Human Performance
Manasquan, NJ, Jon Messner
Medford, NJ, Keith Scott and crew at Breakthru Physical Therapy

New York:
New York, NY, Ming Chew
White Plains, NY, Anthony Renna at FiveIronFitness
Manhattan, NY, Chris McGrath

Brooklyn, NY, Annette Lang

North Carolina:
Raleigh, NC, Tom Dalonzo-Baker and his crew at Total Motion Release

North Dakota:
Minot, ND, Adam T. Glass

Ohio:
Columbus, OH, Andrew Lyons
Dayton, OH, Shane England, Chris Kissel and Angelene Moore at Personally Fit

Oregon:
Newberg, OR, Dewey Nielsen at IPT

Oklahoma:
Edmond, OK, Dustin Rippetoe
Edmond, OK, Jay Dawes at OneEighty
Talala, OK, Jeff O’Connor
Pennsylvania:
Pittsburgh, PA, Brett Jones
Yardley, PA, Kareem F. Samhouri
Shenandoah, PA, Tom Deebel, D.C.
Swarthmore, PA, Bruce Kelly

Tennessee:
Nashville, TN, Dave Whitley
Nashville, TN, Ward Williams

Texas:
Austin, TX, Andy Twellman
Austin, TX, Diane Vives
Austin, TX, Adam Davila
Houston, TX, Paul Yost

Virginia:
Danville, VA, Gray Cook or Lee Burton

Washington:
Seattle, WA, Tim Vagen

Washington, DC:
Washington, DC, Tanya Colucci at MINT

Wisconsin:
Madison, WI, Jon Hinds
Germantown, WI, Dave Schmitz

Canada:
Mississauga, Ontario, Jim Reeves

There are hundreds, possibly even thousands of qualified corrective exercise specialists who aren’t on this list. If your trainer is missing, please do not consider this a comment on his or her work. In fact, if you’re getting good guidance on fixing dysfunctioning joints from a specialist not on the list, please drop me an email with his or her name and a link.


Hip Mobility –A Beginner’s Guide

A couple of recent conversations with friends made it clear my “How to Get Hip Mobility” post a few weeks ago was interesting, but still too advanced for a beginner at joint mobility. Let’s try this again from a remedial point of view and see if we can’t get a few more hips in motion. Before we get started, those truly interested in getting this mobility job done should first re-read the original post (link above); there are important points in it that won’t be repeated here.

What we’re doing involves a little bit of stretching of tightness, a little bit of strengthening of weakness and a whole lot of neural reprogramming, that brain-to-muscle connection that gets shorted out the longer the area has been locked down. Be it from the trauma of a sports injury, car accident or simply lack of use, as the joint gets less motion, the brain learns to work around it to get the job done another way. A big part of a joint mobility program is to renew lost neural pathways, and sometimes this works fast and feels miraculous. I pray for one of those AHA moments for you this week, because just one is enough to keep you in the hunt.

The biggest problem you’ll probably have — the biggest problem I had and what seems to be most troublesome for Dave — is making the movement smaller, slower. Where neural learning happens is in the small, slight movements, particularly at the beginning of the action. Yet as weight trainers we have a need to push harder, to make something happen, and instead of getting something new, we fall back into habitual, prime-mover action and nothing is gained.

When you settle down into smaller movements, you’ll get frustrated, annoyed. If you stick with it, you’ll notice the motion smoothing out in the tiny subtle beginning of the movement. A movement that originally was jerky and amplified your feeling of klutziness soon becomes effortless. Once you feel that a single time, the imagery will carry you through the rest of the beginner joint mobility frustration, sort of how a nice golf swing brings you back for more misery.

Here are four hip mobility exercises to get you started. Practice these daily for two weeks, then you’ll be ready to move over to the other exercises on the hip mobility menu to address the muscles surrounding the pelvic structure.

What I most want to get across is to simply do the movements — don’t try to understand why they’re suggested, don’t pay any attention to knowing the anatomy… just move the joints. The movement of the hip joints will probably be short and stunted and unfulfilling. Do them anyway, daily for two weeks, and I promise you the difference between day one and day 14 will explain everything you need to know.

Tabletop stretch:
Stand about torso length from the kitchen table or countertop. Bend at the hips, knees straight but not hyperextended, and put your hands on the table surface. Move your feet as needed to achieve a comfortable bend at the hip joints and a long torso stretch. Hold the stretch for a minute.

Kneeling hip flexor stretch:
Kneel on one knee, putting your knee farther back than a normal straight-to-the-floor position. The other foot will be in front of the forward knee, and the torso will be straight. Once in this position, you’ll quickly feel the stretch in the hip flexor region of the kneeling side… you know where we’re going with this. If the hips are extremely tight, this is the final position for now; build up to a 30-second hold on each side. If that position isn’t difficult, increase the stretch by lifting the arm on the knee-down side. From there, should that not be enough of a stretch, shift your overhead arm toward the opposite side.

Side-lying hip flexion/extension:
Lying on your side, bend both legs as if sitting, but with the top leg a bit farther behind. Grab the ankle of the top leg with the same-side hand, stretch the quad lightly, then move the leg forward and back in a small, smooth motion. Make this as effortless as possible, with the leg loosely swinging. Rest whenever you need to, and after one of those rests move the leg up and down so the knee moves closer and farther from the floor. Repeat the sequence on both sides, at least 20 reps of each, but more if you have time.

Standing femur circles:

Stand tall; stick one leg across the body to the opposite side and make small circles with the foot outstretched to the side, then reverse direction. Move the foot to the front and repeat; shift the foot to the outside and repeat; continue to the back and repeat the circles on both directions. Change legs and do it all again. Remember, these are femur circles — you’re moving the top of the leg bone in circles around the inside of the hip socket; you’re not circling the knee or ankle, the knee and foot are just going along for the ride. As you begin, the circles will be small and the hip will fatigue quickly. Happily, these small muscles strengthen fast.

Now it’s time to move on to the full hip mobility program.

One last thing: You don’t need to understand this for it to work. Let the doing happen now; the understanding can come later.


More functional anatomy from Chuck Wolf, Part 3

You’re not going to believe this: I found another four pages of notes from Chuck Wolf’s IDEA presentations in Las Vegas. If you’re just arriving, you can catch up here at part one and here at part two. We’re going back to bullet points because of the volume. When you bump into a statement that catches your attention, a simple google search will fill in the gaps.

I mentioned earlier Chuck hammered his priority of training in multiple planes of motion, and nowhere was it more evident than during his discussion of the functional spine. You’ll see that throughout the following thoughts, a bunch of gems comin’ up.

1) Walking – gait – occurs in all three planes of motion. The hips move in the sagittal plane to propel you forward, in the frontal plane as you move from side to side (weight moving from one leg to the other) and on the transverse plane as the hips rotate. If there’s a problem on any plane, there’s a problem in the gait.

2) To help sort out the cause of and solution to chronic back pain, consider first in what plane of motion the pain occurs, bending forward and back, side to side or rotational.

3) In your back stabilization exercises, include something in all three planes. Front planks are great, but they’re not enough.

4) The proprioceptors that tell the brain where we are in space work when the muscles are lengthened, and don’t work when they’re shortened. Bent-forward walking, such as often seen in older adults, shortens the muscles, causing poor proprioception… that is, bad balance, increasing the chance of falling.

5) 80% of non-impact injuries occur due to lack of control in the transverse plane. In your program design, include rotational work, and do it before your linear training.

6) Calves turn on the abdominals during gait; they’re the neural switch. Inactive calves or the feet not fully involved means weak abdominal action.

7) With excessive kyphosis, look for posterior hip tilt and fix that before working on the kyphosis. Stretching the pecs and strengthening the back won’t work until the hip tilt is addressed.

8) The lumbar spine is controlled in large part by the psoas and the adductors. Make sure the psoas and adductor length and strength matches right side to left.

9) You need good hip extension in order to have good back extension.

10) If you lose thoracic spine extension, it’s hard to rotate.

11) Sciatic nerve pain can be caused by a pinch in the lumbar spine or glute weakness, inactive glute and tight piriformis. If relief is provided by reaching one arm overhead, start at the chiropractor for attention to the lumbar spine. Otherwise, roll the piriformis over a tennis ball (remember, the knee must be bent to access the piriformis), and work glute strength and activation.

12) Strengthen foot musculature to provide relief of piriformis problems and sciatica.

13) Your isolated stability exercises (planks, bird dogs, etc) should be done first, before moving to integrated movement patterns.

14) Chronic muscle tightness is a sign something is wrong. If it keeps happening, you have to figure out why. Muscles tighten up in response to instability at a joint.

15) Since mobility without stability creates a vulnerability, the body tightens up in protection. This means we have to strengthen opposing muscles in order to gain nearby flexibility, for example strengthening the hip flexors to loosen the hamstrings.

I triple-checked: This wraps up my notes from Chuck’s IDEA presentations. Now that we’re done with the notes, I’m ready to go back for more. Three tremendous seminars, outstanding stuff.


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